Iran and Saudi Arabia: Navigating the Diplomatic Maze Amidst Houthi Conflict

What is the current relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia? Why does Iran not support the Houthis against Saudi Arabia?

Current state of Iran-Saudi Arabia relations:

As of today, January 22, 2024, the relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia is in a **cautiously optimistic phase**. After years of severed ties and simmering tensions, the two countries **restored diplomatic relations in March 2023** through China- and Iraqi-brokered talks. 

This doesn't mean it's all sunshine and roses, though. Here are some key points:

* **Significant progress:** Ambassadors have been exchanged, regular communication is happening, and there's even talk of a potential visit by Iran's president to Saudi Arabia.

* **Lingering tensions:** Issues like regional proxy conflicts, human rights concerns, and ideological differences still cast a shadow over the rapprochement.

* **Uncertainty prevails:** It's too early to predict if this thaw will lead to a lasting friendship or if tensions will reignite.

Iran's stance on the Houthis:

This complex relationship gets even trickier when we look at Iran's stance on the **Houthis in Yemen**, who are fighting against Saudi Arabia in the Yemeni Civil War. While Iran has provided some support to the Houthis in the past, **their backing has not been unequivocal or constant**:

* **Shared ideology:** Iran's Shia theocracy holds some ideological affinity with the Zaydi Shia Houthis, leading to some level of support.

* **Strategic advantage:** Supporting the Houthis can help counter Saudi Arabia's regional influence and push back against perceived US/Israeli dominance in the region.

* **Domestic considerations:** However, Iran also faces domestic challenges and may not want to be seen as overly involved in Yemen's war.

* **Recent developments:** Since the Iran-Saudi rapprochement, Iranian support for the Houthis seems to have **decreased**, possibly as part of the efforts to improve relations with Saudi Arabia.

In conclusion, Iran's stance on the Houthis is nuanced and likely influenced by various factors beyond just their ideological alignment. Their support has waned in recent months, potentially reflecting their cautious approach towards building a new relationship with Saudi Arabia. 

Remember, the situation in the Middle East is constantly evolving, so it's crucial to stay up-to-date on the latest developments for a clearer picture of this complex relationship.